As of November 2022, a substantial gap remains between the levels of emissions in 2030 projected in the NDCs submitted to the UNFCCC and between current levels of government action, and the lower levels that would be consistent with the temperature limit of the Paris Agreement. The benchmark emissions from a 1.5°C compatible pathway are at 27 GtCO2e in 2030. The emissions gap between this level and 2030 NDCs (excluding hot air)[1] is 19–22 GtCO2e in 2030 (the 'targets gap'), and 23-27 GtCO2e in 2030 for current policies and action (the 'implementation gap').